Modelling cellular spreading and emergence of motility in the presence of curved membrane proteins and active cytoskeleton forces

Eukaryotic cells adhere to extracellular matrix during the normal development of organism, forming static adhesion as well cell motility. We study this process by considering a simplified coarse-grained model vesicle that has uniform energy with flat substrate, mobile-curved membrane proteins and active forces. find high concentration curved alone increases spreading vesicle, self-organization at high-curvature vesicle–substrate contact line, thereby reducing bending penalty rim. This is most significant in regime low bare adhesion. When these induce protrusive forces, representing actin cytoskeleton, we efficient spreading, form sheet-like lamellipodia. Finally, same mechanism found include minimal set ingredients needed give rise motile phenotypes.